Radical Prostatectomy: This procedure involves the complete removal of the prostate and is performed in cases of cancer treatment. The most modern technique for performing this procedure is through robotic technology, which provides better visualization of the neurovascular bundle, resulting in a faster, less painful recovery with better functional outcomes – preservation of erectile function and urinary continence after surgery.

Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP): Partial resection of the prostate is performed endoscopically in patients with benign prostatic enlargement, which can lead to obstruction of the urinary outlet from the bladder, in cases where the prostate is up to 80-100g in size.

HoLep: Laser enucleation of the prostate, performed endoscopically, is also used to treat benign prostate enlargement, but for cases above 80-100g in size.

Transvesical Prostatectomy: This is enucleation of the prostate through an open or robotic approach, indicated for patients with benign prostatic enlargement above 150-200g.

UroLift: A minimally invasive technique in which clips are placed to relieve prostate obstruction and urinary symptoms. It is recommended for patients with prostates smaller than 80g.

Rezum: A minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of an enlarged prostate using water vapor to reduce prostate volume and improve urinary symptoms.

Radical Cystectomy: This involves the complete removal of the bladder in cases of cancer with involvement of the muscular layer. It can be performed through open surgery or robotically, with the latter option providing better visualization of structures, less bleeding, and consequently, a faster recovery.

Partial Cystectomy: This procedure involves the partial removal of the bladder through laparoscopic or robotic surgery, typically for conditions such as endometriosis, benign tumors, or some less aggressive types of malignancies.

Transurethral Resection of the Bladder (TURB): Used for endoscopic removal of superficial bladder tumors or for performing biopsies of suspicious areas within the bladder.

Intravesical Botulinum Toxin (Botox) Injection: This procedure is performed endoscopically in patients with irritative bladder symptoms (overactive bladder) who do not respond to conservative treatments based on medication and physical therapy.

Bladder Augmentation: This can be done robotically or through open surgery in patients with severe bladder dysfunction, characterized by reduced capacity and elasticity. In this procedure, a segment of the intestine is used to increase bladder capacity.

Sacral Neuromodulation: It involves the implantation of an electrode that functions like a “pacemaker,” emitting electrical signals to prevent involuntary bladder contractions. It can also be used to treat patients with low bladder contractility without defined causes.

Removal of Kidney or Ureteral Stones: This procedure is performed endoscopically by introducing a device through the urethra that travels up the ureter to the location of the stone, where it is fragmented with a laser and the fragments are removed using a device (basket or dormia). In cases of larger kidney stones (above 2-3cm), the recommended surgery is percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, which involves making a puncture in the kidney to identify, fragment, and remove the stones.

Nephrectomy: It is the partial or total removal of the kidney through laparoscopic or robotic surgery, typically for cases involving kidney tumors or when kidney exclusion is necessary.

Pyeloplasty: It is the reconstruction of the junction between the kidney and the ureter (ureteropelvic junction) through laparoscopic or robotic surgery, typically in patients with narrowing (stenosis) in this region.

Robotic Ureteral Reimplantation or Reconstruction: This procedure is performed robotically in patients with ureteral narrowing or those who require the removal of a segment of the ureter due to conditions such as endometriosis or tumors.

Urethral Sling Implant: This involves placing a sling (a synthetic material tape) beneath the urethra to correct urinary incontinence. Typically performed in women, this procedure can also be indicated for men with mild urinary incontinence after prostate removal.

Artificial Urinary Sphincter Placement: It involves implanting a system composed of a cuff (a tape that surrounds the urethra), a reservoir, and a pump (a button to activate the system) to correct more severe urinary incontinence, which may occur after radiation therapy or complete prostate removal surgery.

Postectomies: Surgery to remove the foreskin (excess skin covering the glans), which can be performed in cases of phimosis (narrowing of the skin, preventing the exposure of the glans) or recurrent balanoposthitis (fungal infections in the region).

Correction of Peyronie’s Disease and Congenital Penile Curvature: This correction procedure can be performed with plication or the use of grafts, especially in cases of more complex curvatures.

Vasectomy: This is a surgery for voluntary sterilization that can be performed on an outpatient basis in men over 25 years of age or those with two or more children. It involves a small incision in the scrotal sac.

Vasectomy Reversal: This surgery is performed with the assistance of a microscope to reconstruct the vas deferens, which are the ducts that are tied during vasectomy. It is performed on vasectomized patients who wish to attempt to have more children.

Microsurgical Varicocele Correction: This is performed on patients who have varicocele (varicose veins of the testicular veins) associated with some deficiency in sperm production.

Orchiectomy: This is the removal of the testicle through an incision in the inguinal region, performed in cases of testicular cancer.

Orchiopexy: It involves fixing the testicles in the scrotal sac and can be performed on patients who have experienced testicular torsion or who have a condition called cryptorchidism, which is the absence of the testicle from the scrotal sac.

Robotic Adrenalectomy: The removal of the adrenal gland by robotic surgery is the treatment of choice for patients with suspicious adrenal gland nodules or those with functioning adrenal nodules (producing hormones – cortisol, aldosterone, or catecholamines).